This article is currently in progress in relation to a problem we have seen with configuring Outlook 2016 with Exchange 2013. This issue has a number of posts in general on the various support forums on the Internet but no definitive solution. As we find the solution to this we will post it here.
If you want to test the autodiscover for your Exchange server, use Microsoft Connectivity Analysis tool.
https://testconnectivity.microsoft.com
For now, here is a list of other site that we are looking at for informational resources.
http://www.msoutlook.info/question/outlook-2016-and-exchange-support
http://www.howto-outlook.com/howto/autodiscoverconfiguration.htm